Optimal hot metal desulphurisation slag considering iron …
Slag is an important aspect of the hot metal desulphurisation (HMD) process, as it has to contain the sulphur that is removed from the hot metal by the reagents magnesium and lime. The slag also leads to iron losses in the HMD process, both by entrapping iron droplets ('colloid loss') and by entraining iron when the slag is skimmed off ...
Products › Ironmaking and steelmaking › Hot Metal
The competing KR process is only a viable option when process times, temperature loss and hot metal loss are not an issue. When no steel grades with low sulphur concentrations need to be made, resulphurization is not a problem and short processing times are required, magnesium mono-injection is an option.
WO2021064751A2
The present invention relates to Desulphurization (DS) of hot metal through KR-process. In particular, it relates to the development of a reagent which will generate a fluid slag during desulphurization process in KR by breaking network of silicate layer usually forms with lime. This invention also relates to the improvement in efficiency by incorporating an innovative …
Development of Highly Efficient Fluidized Lime for Hot …
Keywords: Hot metal desulfurization, fluidized lime, Flucal® INTRODUCTION The quality of the raw materials used to produce hot metal has declined over the years due to diminishing quality of iron ore, metallurgical coke, and coal. This means that the steel industry needs to cope with more impurities, but their final products
MET0124TA – Desulphurization
Description Estimated time: 1 hours Language: English Modality: Virtual. Summary of the course Desulphurization of hot metal is a crucial step in the steel manufacturing process. Sulphur in steel adversely influences both mechanical and corrosion properties of the steel and causes hot shortness. A primary source of sulphur in the hot metal is the coal
A Review of Modeling Hot Metal Desulfurization
Hot metal desulfurization serves as the main unit process for removing sulfur in blast-furnace based steelmaking. The available body of literature on modeling hot metal desulfurization is reviewed to provide an in-depth analysis of the …
Efficient, Economical & Ecological Hot Metal …
for hot metal desulphurisation externally. Ladle based hot metal desulphurization is done with the help of reagents like magnesium, carbide based compounds and lime. ... Assurance of consistent sulphur after treatment from external treatment process Steel makers get more time for doing core steel making activity New approaches are adopted for ...
Desulphurisation in 21st century iron- and steelmaking
Therefore, at Tata Steel in IJmuiden, the Netherlands, a new continuous hot metal desulphurisation (CHMD) process is being developed. In Chapter 8, this novel CHMD process is introduced. The CHMD process is based on the magnesium-lime co-injection HMD process. It uses several reactors in series (process simulations suggest three reactors in ...
Numerical Investigation on the Effects of Impeller Structures in Hot …
With the increasing demand for high-quality steel, the requirements for the efficiency and stability of deep desulfurization are increasing too. The Kanbara Reactor (KR) is widely accepted around the world because of its high efficiency and economy. In order to destroy the rigid motion of molten iron in this area, two kinds of blade structures are designed and …
Optimal hot metal desulphurisation slag …
Although there are various processes in the modern steelmaking chain where sulphur can be removed, a dedicated hot metal desulphurisation (HMD) process between the blast furnace (BF) and converter (or basic oxygen …
Optimal hot metal desulphurisation slag …
In hot metal desulphurisation (HMD) the slag will hold the removed sulphur. However, the iron that is lost when the slag is skimmed off, accounts for the highest costs of the HMD process.
Optimal hot metal desulphurisation slag considering iron …
In hot metal desulphurisation (HMD) the slag will hold the removed sulphur. However, the iron that is lost when the slag is skimmed off, accounts for the highest costs of the HMD process. These iro...
Mathematical simulation of hot metal desulfurization during KR process
A three-dimensional mathematical model was established to predict the multiphase flow, motion and dispersion of desulfurizer particles, and desulfurization of hot metal during the Kanbara reactor (KR) process. The turbulent kinetic energy-turbulent dissipation rate (k−ε) turbulence model, volume-of-fluid multiphase model, discrete-phase model, and unreacted …
Effect of magnesium injection process on hot metal …
To solve the technical problems of hot metal desulfurization by injecting magnesium particulate, a new method of hot metal desulfurization by bottom-blowing magnesium vapor combined with mechanical agitation was put forward. The effects of three different desulfurization processes on the desulfurization efficiency were studied in view of thermodynamics and …
A Review of Modeling Hot Metal Desulfurization
Hot metal desulfurization methods with mechanical stirring were introduced in Germany[18,19] and Japan[20] in the 1960s. The Demag–Östberg Reaction Accelerator (DORA) features a Y-shaped stirrer, which first absorbs hot metal from the bottom of the vertical tube and then discharges the hot metal through the horizontal tubes by centrifugal ...
Steel and hot metal desulphurisation
During the whole production process, parameters such as chemical composition, homogeneity, density and flowability, are constantly monitored. ... Hot metal desulphurisation as basis for various production processes. Our innovative hot metal desulphurisation reagents are used in all areas of metal processing industry. Especially the production ...
Exploration of new quality refractory to improve hot metal …
Refractory performance of hot metal ladle is the repercussion of several combined activities. Amidst the distance travelled by the ladle during transportation of hot metal, the desulphurisation process that took place inside the ladle, has the most deleterious effects on refractory health.
Kinetic Mechanism and Process Optimization of Hot Metal …
A 1/5 scale water model simulation was used to study the kinetic mechanism for 300 t mechanical stirring desulfurization station, factors including rotating speed, immersion …
Hot Metal Desulphurization
Hot metal desulphurization is the optimum solution for sulphur control during steelmaking. Reagent materials are injected through a refractory lance into the hot metal transfer ladle, the most suitable vessel for hot metal desulphurization.
(PDF) RECENT PROGRESS IN INTERNAL HOT METAL
injection process for internal hot metal desulphurisation. The develo pment started with the mono -injection of magnesium blends in the mid-80ies, followed by the co-injection of magnesium a nd ...
Optimal hot metal desulphurisation slag considering …
nesium is not introduced for desulphurisation of the metal in any of the above-mentioned processes [2,3,15–18]. Before the HMD process starts, typically 1–3 t of BF carry-
Refractory for Hot Metal Transport and Desulfurization
Despite torpedo ladle, desulfurization in hot metal ladle and in situ process reactions with refractories and wear mechanisms are discussed to fulfil the knowledge gap. Download chapter PDF. Keywords. Torpedo ladle; ... Hot metal desulphurisation: benefits of magnesium lime co-injection, Raw Materials and Ironmaking, Millennium Steel, 2010 pp 31.
Advanced Process Modelling of Hot Metal Desulphurisation …
To improve the lime–magnesium desulphurisation process at BOS No. 2 at Corus Strip Products IJmuiden, a process model is derived based on the description for the bubble plume generated by injected carrier gas and reaction kinetics of the desulphurisation agents. The model is suited to simulate variations of gas flow and injection rates of CaO and Mg during the …
Final sulfur content prediction model in hot metal …
Hot metal desulphurization process is a complex and nonlinear process, final sulfur content in hot metal is difficult to measurement on-line. In order to predict the final sulfur content accurately, a model based on support vector machine (SVM) was proposed. The model cleared the outlier from modeling data through robust regression method and cleared the inconsistent data through …
Optimal hot metal desulphurisation slag …
Since the early days of iron- and steelmaking, sulphur is considered as an unwanted impurity that needs to be removed [].Although there are various processes in the modern steelmaking chain where sulphur can be removed, a …
Optimal hot metal desulphurisation slag considering …
The optimal hot metal desulphurisation (HMD) slag is defined as a slag with a sufficient sulphur ... Slag is an important aspect of the hot metal desulphurisation (HMD) process, as it has to contain the sulphur that is removed from the hot metal by the reagents magnesium and lime. The slag also leads to iron losses in the HMD
Desulphurization of Steel
With the over increasing demand for stringent quality of steel, the requirement for low sulphur concentration in steel has become an utmost requirement. Removal of S from steel is known as desulphurization. Sulphur is …
Advanced Process Modelling of Hot Metal …
To improve the lime–magnesium desulphurisation process at BOS No. 2 at Corus Strip Products IJmuiden, a process model is derived based on the description for the bubble plume generated …
Kinetic modeling on hot metal desulfurization with
A kinetic model on hot metal desulfurization with mechanical stirring was established using FactSage Macro Processing. The sulfur diffusion in the molten steel and reactions at the interface between the molten steel and the desulfurizer particle were considered. Calculated results agreed well with experimental results, indicating that the model can be used …
A review of modelling hot metal desulphurisation
Abstract Hot metal desulphurisation serves as the main unit process for removing sulphur in blast‐furnace based steelmaking. This study reviews the available body of literature on modelling hot metal desulphurisation to provide an in‐depth analysis of the approaches employed and results obtained. The mathematical models for reaction kinetics have evolved from simplistic …